Ok, here goes nothing ... most of it is a thought experiment:
1) Say we have a machine that will perfectly clone you, it can build you atom by atom to an exact replica of you in all possible ways ... it's not impossible, we have crude molecular assemblers that can build nanotubes and stuff like that.
Question is ... is that clone you ? Obviously not ... as soon as the clone is built you wont somehow be able to control both yourself and your clone, so your clone, although perfectly identical to you in every way is not you. So what makes you who you are ? A soul ? No proof of that exists ...
2) Say we have another machine that can map all the atoms in your body in their particular locations, then disintegrate you into all your component atoms, and then rebuild you back into yourself ...
Will this be you ? If everything is put in the right place, it must be you, well who else could it be ? Would this process destroy who you are ? I argue it won't ... after all you are just an elaborate arrangement of atoms.
So, from these first two we can conclude that you are an arrangement of very specific atoms in space ... nothing more ... if we change the constituent atoms too much, you will no longer be yourself
3) Suppose we could make you live forever ... or nearly forever, this is not impossible either, we could alter your genes to stop your programmed demise. How would you change over an eternity ? Would some part of you stay the same ? Yes, but a lot of you will change along with the corresponding atomic and molecular arrangements inside you. However, this produces a nearly infinite number of possible configurations that would still result in you ... there are limits, since you can only change so much before you are no longer yourself
Ok, from all three we get that you will almost definately live another life, although memories of a previous life will not be present, or will not be credible. Think of it this way, the chances of you living again are in proportion to the chances of your molecules aggregating into a one of the nearly infinite number of configurations that would still result in some form of you.
Adding a bitchslap of reality, this will take an astronomical amount of time to happen. For example, imagine that we were to plot the loaction of all your atoms with reference to only one of your atoms versus time ... what would this plot look like ? Unless you creamated yourself their locations would stay relatively constant after death ... now thinking a astronomical amount of time into the future, at some point your molecules will be in the same place at the same time, hopefully in some form of live that can give birth ... and some form of you will result. You will have no memory of the past, or if you do it could be attibuted to merely a dream.
Reincarnation ? Not really ... not 40 days till you get reincarnated ... more like 40 to the 99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999 ...... power
And can you be reincarnated in another form ... such as a monkey or a cat ? Well, if we could perform a brain transplant between you and a monkey or a cat ... we might find out ... human brains are rather large, so maybe we could try to make you a dolphin or whale (a small whale), or a large squid
or an alien :eek: